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Family Sheet

HUSBAND
Name: Pharaoh Akhenaton Of Egypt Note Born: Married: Died: at Abt. 1336 BC , , , Other Spouses: Nefertiti
Kiya Of Egypt
Father: Amenhotep Iii Of Egypt Pharaoh Of Egypt Mother: Tiy Of Egypt
WIFE
Name: Tadhukipa Of Mitanni Note Born: Died:
CHILDREN

NOTES
1). Born as Amenhotep IV, he changed his name within a f e w y e a rs of becoming Pharaoh. Akhenaton or Ikh na ton , a ls o called Amenhotep IV, pharaoh of Egypt fro m abo ut 1 35 0 t o 1334 BC. Akhenaton was the son of Amenh otep I II an d T iy , and husband of Nefertiti, whose beaut y is no w fame d th rou gh celebrated portrait busts of th e period . Akhena ton w as t he last important ruler of th e 18th dyn asty an d notabl e a s the first historical figu re to estab lish a r eligion b ase d on the concept of mono theism. He e stablishe d the cul t o f Aton, or Aten, the s un god or sol ar disk, w hich he be liev ed to be a univers al, omnipresen t spirit an d the sol e creat or of the univ erse. Some scho lars believ e that th e Hebrew p rophetsc oncept of a univ ersal God, p reached se ven or eigh t cent uries later i n a land that Akh enaton onc e ruled, wa s de rived in par t from his cult. Aft er he estab lished th e n ew religion , sometimes referred t o as solar mo nothei sm, h e changed his name from the roya l designation A men hotep I V to Ak henaton, meaning Aton i s satisfied. H e moved his c apit al from Thebes to Akhetat on now th e sit e of Tall al A m arinah , a new city devote d to th e celebra tion of Aton, a n d he ordered the oblitera tio n of all trace s of the poly thei stic religion of his an c estors. He also f ought bitte rly aga inst the powerful pr i ests who attempte d to mainta in the wor ship of the stat e g od Amon, or Amen . This reli gious revolut ion hada pr ofoun d effect on Egypt ian artis ts, who turned f rom th e rituali stic forms to whic h the y had been confined , t o a much mor e realistic represe nta tion of nature as evi d ence of the a ll embracing powe r o f the sun, Aton se e Egypt ian Artan d Architecture . A ne w religious liter ature als o arose. T his blossomin g of cult ure, however , did not conti nue afte r Akhenaton s death. Hi s son in law, Tutankhamen, m oved t he capita l back to Thebe s, res tored the old polytheis ti c religion , and Egyptian ar t o nce more became ritualize d . Source Akhenaton, Micro s oft R Encarta R 98 Encycl ope dia . c 1993 1997 Micro sof t Corporation. All rights r eser v ed. Th e tent h king of the 18th Dynasty w a s perh aps themost c ontrovers ial because of his break w i th tradit ional reli gion. Some s ay that he was the mos t re markable ki ng t o sit upon Egypt s throne. Akhenate n was t raditional l y raised by his parent s, Amenhotep II I and Que en Tiy 1382 1344 B.C. by worship ping Amen. Ak henaten, h owever , preferr ed Aten, the sun go d that was w orshipped i n ea rlier times . Early in his reig n he change d his nam e t o Akhenaten, mean ing He Who is o f Service t o Aten and r enamed his queen t o Nefer Nefru At en, whic h is Beautifu l is the Beauty of At en. The king a nd hi s quee n, leavin g Thebes behind, built e laborate build ing s a t Akhenaten Amarna The Horizon of At en. He the n s en t his official s around to destroy Amen s st atues an d t o desecrate the w orship sites. These actions wer e s o co n trary to the tradi tional that opposition arose aga i nst h i m. The estates o f the great temples of Thebes, M emph i s an d Heliopolis rev erted to the throne. Corruptio n gre w ou t o fthe mismanage ment of such large levies. A khenat en die d i n the 18th yea r of his reign. His succes sor, Ho remhab, c la imed his reig n began from the date o f Amenhot ep III, th u s wiping out t he entire rule of Akh enaten. So urce www.to ur egypt.netBor n as Amenhotep IV , he change d his name with i n a few year s of becomingPha raoh. Akhenaton or I kh naton, als o called Amenh otep IV, phar aoh of Egypt fromab ou t 1350 t o 1334 BC . A khenaton was t he son of Amenhotep I I I and Ti y,and husba nd of Nefertiti , whose beauty is n o w fa med th rough cel ebratedportrai t busts of the period . Akhenat on w as th e last importan t rule r ofthe 18th dynas ty and not ab l e as the first his torical figure to establish a relig i o n base don the conc ept of monotheism. He establi she d th e c ult ofAton, or At en, the sun god or sola r dis k , whic h he b elieved to b e auniversal, omnipresent spir it a nd th e sole c reator o f the un iverse. Somescholar s believ e tha t the Hebr ew pr ophets concept of a univer sal God,pre ache d se ven o r ei ght centuries later in a l and that Akhen ato n oncerule d , was derived in part fro m hi s cult. Afte r h e establis he d the newreligion, some times referred to a s s olar mono theis m, he c hanged hi s namefrom the royal des ig nation A menhote p IV to Akhena ton, meaning Aton issatisf i e d. H e moved hi s capita l from Thebes to Akhetaton n o w the si teof Tall a l Ama rinah , a new c ity devoted t o th e cele bration of Ato n , andhe ordered the obliteratio n of a ll t races of th e p ol ytheistic religion ofhis ances tors . H e also fough t bitterl y against the powerful priest s w h oat tempted t o maintain th e worship of the state go d Am on, o r Amen . Thisreligious rev olution h ada profoun d ef fect o n Eg yptian artists, whoturn ed from the ritualis ti c form s t o which the y had been confi ned, to amuch mo r e reali stic r epresentation of nature as ev idence of the al l e m bracing p ower of the sun, Aton see Egy ptian Ar tan d Ar chitecture . A new religious literatur e als o aro se. T hi s blossoming o f culture, however, did not contin u e aft e r Akhenaton s deat h. H is son in law, Tutankhamen , mo v e d the capital back t o Thebes, restored the oldpoly theis t i c religion, and Egyp tian art once more became ri tual ize d . Source Akhenaton, Microsoft R Encarta R 9 8 E ncycl ope dia. c 1993 1997 Mi crosoft Corporat ion. Al l r ights r eserv ed. Th e tenth king of the 18 t h Dynasty w as perh aps the most cont roversialbecause o f h is break wi t h tradit ional religion . Some say that h e wa s themost re markable kin g to sit upo n Egypts thro n e. Ak henaten wastr aditionally ra ised by hi s parents, Am enhote p III and Quee n Tiy 1382 134 4 B .C.b y worshippi ng Amen . Akhenaten, ho wever, preferre d Aten,th e sun go d that wa s worshippe d i n earlier times. E arly i n his r eign hecha nged his name t o Akhenaten, meanin g He Wh o i s o f Servic e to Aten andren amed his queen to Nef er Ne f ru Aten, whic h is Beautiful i s the Beaut yof Aten. T h e kin g and his q ueen, leaving The bes behind, built ela borat ebui ldings a t Akhenat en Amarn a The Horizon of A ten. He t he n sen t hisofficials aroun d to destroy Amen s statue s an d t o d esecrate the worships ites. These act ions were so cont ra r y to the traditional t hat o ppositi onarose against hi m . T he estates of the grea t temples o f Thebes, Memphisan d He li opoli s reverted to t he throne . Corruption grew ou t of th e mismanagement of suc h larg e levies. Akhen aten d ied in t h e 18th year ofhis re ign . His successor, Horemha b, claime d h is reign began f r o m the dateof Amenhotep II I, thus wip in g out the enti r e rule of Akhenaten. Source www.touregyp t.n et !DEATH edwardiii.ged, edwardiii.ged
2).  Tadhukipa was a Mitanni princess who was sent to mar r y A m e nhotep III 1391 1353 B.C.  of the 1 8th Dynasty , an d w h o i s believed by some to beQueen Kiya, the wif e of A khen at en . The niece o f the Mianni princessKhirgi pa, wh o ha d pre vio usly married Amenhotep, Tadhukipa wa s sent t oTh e bes ei the r shortly before or after Amenhot ep  s deat h. S he is men tion edin a letter from Quee n Ti y as havin g bee n married t o Akh enaten. Source  www.tour egypt.net

						

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